RF Circuit Design Second Edition
A great deal has changed since Chris Bowick’sRF Circuit Designwas first published, some 25 years ago. In fact, we could just
say that the RF industry has changed quite a bit since the days of Marconi and Tesla—both technological visionaries woven into
the fabric of history as the men who enabled radio communications. Who could have envisioned that their innovations in the late
1800’s would lay the groundwork for the eventual creation of the radio—a key component in all mobile and portable communications
systems that exist today? Or, that their contributions would one day lead to such a compelling array of RF applications, ranging
from radar to the cordless telephone and everything in between. Today, the radio stands as the backbone of the wireless industry.
It is in virtually everywireless device, whether a cellular phone, measurement/instrumentation systemused inmanufacturing, satellite
communications system, television or theWLAN.
Of course, back in the early 1980s when this book was first written, RF was generally seen as a defense/military technology. It
was utilized in the United States weapons arsenal as well as for things like radar and anti-jamming devices. In 1985, that image
of RF changed when the FCC essentially made several bands of wireless spectrum, the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM)
bands, available to the public on a license-free basis. By doing so—and perhaps without even fully comprehending the momentum
its actions would eventually create—the FCC planted the seeds of what would one day be a multibillion-dollar industry.
Today that industry is being driven not by aerospace and defense, but rather by the consumer demand for wireless applications that
allow“anytime, anywhere” connectivity.And, it is being enabled by a range of newand emerging radio protocols such as Bluetooth
®
,
Wi-Fi (802.11WLAN),WiMAX, and ZigBee®
, in addition to 3Gand 4Gcellular technologies like CDMA, EGPRS, GSM, and Long
Term Evolution (LTE). For evidence of this fact, one needs look no further than the cellular handset. Within one decade, between
roughly the years 1990 and 2000, this application emerged from a very small scale semiprofessional niche, to become an almost
omnipresent device, with the number of users equal to 18%of theworld population. Today, nearly 2 billion people usemobile phones
on a daily basis—not just for their voice services, but for a growing number of social and mobile, data-centric Internet applications.
Thanks to themobile phone and service telecommunications industry revolution, average consumers today not only expect pervasive,
ubiquitous mobility, they are demanding it.
But what will the future hold for the consumer RF application space? The answer to that question seems fairly well-defined as the
RF industry now finds itself rallying behind a single goal: to realize true convergence. In other words, the future of the RF industry
lies in its ability to enable next-generation mobile devices to cross all of the boundaries of the RF spectrum. Essentially then, this
converged mobile device would bring together traditionally disparate functionality (e.g., mobile phone, television, PC and PDA) on
the mobile platform.
Again, nowhere is the progress of the converged mobile device more apparent than with the cellular handset. It offers the ideal
platform on which RF standards and technologies can converge to deliver a whole host of new functionality and capabilities that, as
a society, we may not even yet be able to imagine. Movement in that direction has already begun. According to analysts with the
IDCWorldwideMobile Phone Tracker service, the converged mobile device market grew an estimated 42 percent in 2006 for a total
of over 80 million units. In the fourth quarter alone, vendors shipped a total of 23.5 million devices, 33 percent more than the same
quarter a year ago. That’s a fairly remarkable accomplishment considering that, prior to the mid-nineties, the possibility of true RF
convergence was thought unreachable. The mixing, sampling and direct-conversion technologies were simply deemed too clunky
and limited to provide the foundation necessary for implementation of such a vision.
say that the RF industry has changed quite a bit since the days of Marconi and Tesla—both technological visionaries woven into
the fabric of history as the men who enabled radio communications. Who could have envisioned that their innovations in the late
1800’s would lay the groundwork for the eventual creation of the radio—a key component in all mobile and portable communications
systems that exist today? Or, that their contributions would one day lead to such a compelling array of RF applications, ranging
from radar to the cordless telephone and everything in between. Today, the radio stands as the backbone of the wireless industry.
It is in virtually everywireless device, whether a cellular phone, measurement/instrumentation systemused inmanufacturing, satellite
communications system, television or theWLAN.
Of course, back in the early 1980s when this book was first written, RF was generally seen as a defense/military technology. It
was utilized in the United States weapons arsenal as well as for things like radar and anti-jamming devices. In 1985, that image
of RF changed when the FCC essentially made several bands of wireless spectrum, the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM)
bands, available to the public on a license-free basis. By doing so—and perhaps without even fully comprehending the momentum
its actions would eventually create—the FCC planted the seeds of what would one day be a multibillion-dollar industry.
Today that industry is being driven not by aerospace and defense, but rather by the consumer demand for wireless applications that
allow“anytime, anywhere” connectivity.And, it is being enabled by a range of newand emerging radio protocols such as Bluetooth
®
,
Wi-Fi (802.11WLAN),WiMAX, and ZigBee®
, in addition to 3Gand 4Gcellular technologies like CDMA, EGPRS, GSM, and Long
Term Evolution (LTE). For evidence of this fact, one needs look no further than the cellular handset. Within one decade, between
roughly the years 1990 and 2000, this application emerged from a very small scale semiprofessional niche, to become an almost
omnipresent device, with the number of users equal to 18%of theworld population. Today, nearly 2 billion people usemobile phones
on a daily basis—not just for their voice services, but for a growing number of social and mobile, data-centric Internet applications.
Thanks to themobile phone and service telecommunications industry revolution, average consumers today not only expect pervasive,
ubiquitous mobility, they are demanding it.
But what will the future hold for the consumer RF application space? The answer to that question seems fairly well-defined as the
RF industry now finds itself rallying behind a single goal: to realize true convergence. In other words, the future of the RF industry
lies in its ability to enable next-generation mobile devices to cross all of the boundaries of the RF spectrum. Essentially then, this
converged mobile device would bring together traditionally disparate functionality (e.g., mobile phone, television, PC and PDA) on
the mobile platform.
Again, nowhere is the progress of the converged mobile device more apparent than with the cellular handset. It offers the ideal
platform on which RF standards and technologies can converge to deliver a whole host of new functionality and capabilities that, as
a society, we may not even yet be able to imagine. Movement in that direction has already begun. According to analysts with the
IDCWorldwideMobile Phone Tracker service, the converged mobile device market grew an estimated 42 percent in 2006 for a total
of over 80 million units. In the fourth quarter alone, vendors shipped a total of 23.5 million devices, 33 percent more than the same
quarter a year ago. That’s a fairly remarkable accomplishment considering that, prior to the mid-nineties, the possibility of true RF
convergence was thought unreachable. The mixing, sampling and direct-conversion technologies were simply deemed too clunky
and limited to provide the foundation necessary for implementation of such a vision.
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